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In this study, black phosphorus nanosheets (BP) were prepared by the ordinary liquid phase method, and resveratrol was loaded on the BP after being modified by polyethylene glycol. The brain targeting of BP was investigated by fluorescent protein labeling, and the effects of black phosphorus on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were studied by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, neurobehavioral evaluation, and brain edema. Protein immunoblotting analysis was used to explore the molecular mechanism of the BP drug delivery system on ischemic brain injury. Hemolysis test and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining were used to evaluate its biocompatibility. The results showed that BP had excellent drug loading capacity, uniform drug loading system structure and particle size, stable drug release curve, and excellent photothermal effect. Through the analysis and comparison of fluorescence intensity, it was found that BP can increase the permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB) under the condition of near-infrared light assisted irradiation, and make drugs more pass through the BBB. In addition, the black phosphorus nano tablet drug delivery system can significantly improve the neurobehavioral disorder of mice after modeling, and the cerebral infarction area and brain edema degree are significantly decreased. Western blot experiments showed that the drug delivery system could play an anti-ischemic brain injury role by activating the expression of antioxidant signaling pathway proteins nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). The hemolysis test and H&E test results of the BP drug carrier system showed that it had no obvious toxicity and high safety. In conclusion, the BP prepared in this study had high drug loading, good photothermal performance, and high safety. Under the near-infrared condition, they also have certain brain targeting ability, which can improve the therapeutic effect of drugs in the brain. Animal welfare and experimental procedures were following the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate expression features and correlation of genes expression on MyD88-dependent signaling pathway in synovial membrane (SM) of progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, including blank group (N), false surgical group, model groups[2 weeks (2W), 4 weeks (4W), 8 weeks (8W) and 12 weeks (12W)], with 10 rats in each group. The models were established by using Hulth method. Control group was experienced no surgery, while false surgical group was only opened joint cavity and sutured. The SM samples was collected according to the time designed above. The relative expression quantity of MyD88, TLR4 and NF-κB was detected by Real-time PCR after the extraction of the total RNA and reverse transcription. The correlation analysis was obtained by SPSS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference in each gene mRNA expression between false surgical and blank group(> 0.05), while enhanced expression was found in the model groups(<0.05). The correlation index among MyD88, TLR4 and NF-κB was 0.91 and 0.86 respectively, and had significant difference among them.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Positively relative among MyD88, TLR4 and NF-κB played main role in TLR4/NF-κB signal passway, and could predicate the expression of other genes in the passway. It also could further provide the basis for clarify the pathologic mechanism of knee OA.</p>
RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between the promoter polymorphism of IL-4 and IL-6 and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty-three patients with CRS and 239 healthy controls in Shanghai region were chosen in this study. The genotype of IL-4 gene -33T>C and -590C>T were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method and the genotype of IL-10 gene -1082A>G was determined using amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) method. Statistical calculations were performed using SAS 8.2 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant differences were found in genotype distribution of -33T>C and -590C>T between the CRS group and the control group (χ2=6.6013, P=0.0102, χ2=6.6013, P=0.0304), and -33T>C remained significant following application of the Bonferroni correction (P<0.025). The relative risks of CRS with -33T>C and -590C>T were 1.818(P=0.0236, 95%CI 1.084-3.050) and 1.838 (P=0.0147, 95%CI 1.127-2.997). There was linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the -33T>C and -590C>T. The coefficient of linkage disequilibrium (D') was 0.77 and the related coefficient (r2) was 0.54. The -33T/-590T haplotype was associated with CRS and the relative risk was 1.653 (P=0.0130, 95%CI 1.107-2.469). There were only two genotypes of IL-10 gene-1082A>G and the frequencies of the AA and AG genotypes were not different between the CRS and control groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The promoter polymorphism of IL-4 -33T>C and -590C>T were associated with the susceptibility of CRS and the -33T/-590T haplotype was a risk factor for CRS, but there were no association between the -1082A>G and CRS.</p>
